Fig. 2From: The cotton GhWIN2 gene activates the cuticle biosynthesis pathway and influences the salicylic and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathwaysGhWIN2 regulation of cuticle development. (a) Expression of genes involved in cuticle biosynthesis in four-week-old WT and transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Arabidopsis elongation factor-1-α gene (EF-1-α) was the endogenous reference for normalization. Data represent means ± SD for three biological replicates. Student’s t-test; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01. (b) Expression of the putative cuticle biosynthesis-related genes in cotton plants 14 days after infiltration. (c) SEM images of the stems of the WT and transgenic Arabidopsis plants. (Scale bars in main image, 50 μm; scale bars in insets, 10 μm) (d) TEM images of the cuticle of the upper leaf surface (scale bar: 500 nm). CW, cell wall; white arrows mark the cuticle. Images were taken at 50,000× magnification. (e) The thickness of the cuticle layer from the leaf upper surface (d). Data are presented as means ± SD from at least four independent biological replicates. Asterisks denote Student’s t test significance compared with WT plants (* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01)Back to article page