Fig. 4

Expression profile of PR genes. Heat map (a) and gene expression (b) show a higher expression of 11 pathogenesis-related (PR) genes in Phytophthora sojae-inoculated soybean plants at 4 dpi under Si⁻ compared to Si⁺ treatment. b Graph shows the average relative (%) expression at each timepoint based on the highest level of expression for each gene as a measure to showcase the trend in expression dynamics. Bars represent standard error from the mean (n = 5)