Table 8 Multivariate exploration of variance was conducted to assess the effect of food-biochar treatments on several physiological attributes of different plants

Plants height

72

< 0.01***

89.2

< 0.01***

149.1

< 0.01***

14.1

< 0.01***

Root fresh weight

67.9

< 0.01***

138.8

< 0.01***

59.2

< 0.01***

0.8

0.506^ns

Shoot fresh weight

919.2

< 0.01***

1924.3

< 0.01***

551.3

< 0.01***

90.0

< 0.01***

Allocation of biomass

7.7

0.004**

16.7

< 0.01***

0.5

0.555^ns

0.8

0.513^ns

Total length

6362

< 0.01***

12601.2

< 0.01***

3489.7

< 0.01***

2249.2

< 0.01***

Total surface area

493.8

< 0.01***

1121.3

< 0.01***

218.6

< 0.01***

82.6

< 0.01***

Total projected area

576.3

< 0.01***

1473.2

< 0.01***

139.8

< 0.01***

24.1

< 0.01***

Root diameter

47

< 0.01***

25.9

< 0.01***

169.9

< 0.01***

1.5

0.273^ns

Root volume

331.4

< 0.01***

691.2

< 0.01***

250.1

< 0.01***

7.1

0.012*

Total chlorophyll

1321.2

< 0.01***

3012.2

< 0.01***

53.9

< 0.01***

14.1

< 0.01***

Chlorophyll a

466.3

< 0.01***

1330.4

< 0.01***

20

< 0.01***

0.8

0.440^ns

Chlorophyll b

831.2

< 0.01***

2110.1

< 0.01***

109.3

< 0.01***

1.3

0.291^ns

Carotenoids

308.4

< 0.01***

701.6

< 0.01***

150.1

< 0.01***

14.2

< 0.01***

Relative water content

5.1

0.017*

9.4

0.003*

2.2

0.182^ns

0.3

0.792^ns

Urease

59.9

< 0.01***

37.9

< 0.01***

169.4

< 0.01***

24

< 0.01***

Invertase

230.1

< 0.01***

571.3

< 0.01***

21

< 0.01***

0.8

0.440^ns

catalase

589.3

< 0.01***

1397.8

< 0.01***

70

< 0.01***

0.9

0.439^ns

Potassium

244.1

< 0.01***

324.3

< 0.01***

446

< 0.01***

64.9

< 0.01***

Phosphorus

800.3

< 0.01***

1893.4

< 0.01***

180.3

< 0.01***

12

< 0.01***

Nitrogen

52.8

< 0.01***

106.3

< 0.01***

55

< 0.01***

0

> 0.999^ns

Humus

27

< 0.01***

8.9

0.004**

97.1

< 0.01***

8.9

0.004**