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Table 12 The PDDNet-EA and PDDNet-LVE model results (σ = standard deviation)

From: Using transfer learning-based plant disease classification and detection for sustainable agriculture

Combination

PDDNet-EA model

PDDNet-LVE model

F1-Score (%)

Accuracy (%)

σ

F1-Score (%)

Accuracy (%)

σ

ResNet101 + ResNet50 + DenseNet201 + GoogleNet + AlexNet

95.02

96.94

0.1569

97.07

97.79

0.2431

ResNet50 +ResNet101+ AlexNet + GoogleNet + ResNet18 DenseNet201

95.75

96.83

0.1175

96.81

97.21

0.1203

ResNet101+ AlexNet + ResNet50+ ResNet18+ DenseNet201

95.52

96.78

0.1537

96.61

96.99

0.0828

ResNet101+ResNet50 + ResNet18+ DenseNet201+ GoogleNet

95.67

96.67

0.1614

96.29

96.90

0.1289

EfficientNetB7+ NASNetMobile+ ConvNeXtSmall+ AlexNet

95.78

96.92

0.1614

96.89

97.80

0.1299

DenseNet201+ResNet101+ GoogleNet+ AlexNet

95.96

96.58

0.1305

96.02

96.65

0.1293

ResNet50+ DenseNet201+ GoogleNet + AlexNet

95.77

96.56

0.1013

95.95

96.58

0.1071

ResNet101+ ResNet50+ GoogleNet + AlexNet

95.81

96.45

0.2089

95.72

96.42

0.1654

DenseNet201+ ResNet101+ ResNet50

96.15

96.42

0.1062

96.45

95.75

0.1383