Fig. 2

Phylogenetic trees of plants and their ARF family members. a Phylogenetic trees of the representative species in plant evolutionary history. The evolution analysis of C. atmophyticus, C. braunii, M. polymorpha, P. patens, S.moellendorfii, G. biloba, A. trichopoda, Arabidopsis, and Z. xanthoxylum were performed using the ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY WEBSITE. The solid triangles represent spore plants and the solid circles represent seed plants. b Phylogenetic analysis of ARF family members of plants in a. ARF amino acids sequences were used for constructing an unrooted tree using the maximum likelihood method with 1000 bootstrap replications by MEGA-X. In total, 107 ARFs were analyzed and divided into 3 Clades (A-C), which were exhibited in red, green, and orange, respectively. Distinctive species and the corresponding proteins are indicated with different colored symbols as Fig. 2a