Fig. 4

Pollinator visitation to the 15 Convolvulaceae study species in Nong Khai province, Thailand. Mean (± SE) visitation rates (number of visits per hour) of pollinator taxa observed at each of the 15 Convolvulaceae study species in Nong Khai, Thailand. (A) Argyreia capitiformis, (B) A. lanceolata, (C) Camonea pilosa, (D) C. vitifolia, (E) Evolvulus nummularius, (F) Hewittia malabarica, (G) Ipomoea aquatica, (H) I. batatas, (I) I. cairica, (J) I. nil, (K) I. obscura, (L) I. pileata, (M) Merremia gemella, (N) M. hederacea, and (O) Operculina turpethum. Colors represent different degrees of pollinator dependence: blue = low dependence and receive high amounts of cross pollen (C, E, K, N); yellow = low dependence and receive low amounts of cross pollen (F, J); pink = high dependence (A, D, G, H, M, O); grey = inconclusive (B, I). [Note: Ipomoea pileata is shown as blue and yellow because it exhibits low dependence but amounts of cross pollen are unknown.] All individuals observed contacting floral reproductive structures were classified as potential pollinators and included in the graphs. Pollinator taxa with different letters have significantly different visitation rates; for the values in the upper right-hand corner of each graph, the p-values were obtained from Tukey’s post-hoc tests and the sample sizes (n) refer to the number of plants observed