Table 1 Vessel diameter, vessel density, pit area and pit area ratio of walnut branches, shallow roots, and deep roots

Mean vessel diameter (um)

64.71 ± 19.02 b

124.83 ± 32.19 a

153.01 ± 41.12 a

Vessel density (N mm⁻²)

60.75 ± 4.85 a

34.67 ± 3.51 b

36.67 ± 4.16 b

Vessel area ratio %

13.1 ± 0.56 c

18.2 ± 2.42 b

24.6 ± 2.49 a

Mean pit pore area (μm²)

2.88 ± 0.85 c

7.54 ± 2.38 b

16.32 ± 8.6 a

Max pit area (μm²)

4.25

12.69

30.49

Min pit area (μm²)

1.56

5.09

7.54

Pit area ratio (%)

14.3 ± 2.3 b

16.7 ± 2.6 b

29.1 ± 4.7 a