Fig. 1

Transcriptomic and metabolic analysis reveal dynamic transition during seed germination of quinoa. A The five stages of transitions during quinoa germination from dry seed to seedling. The pictures representing each stage were taken at indicated hours after seed imbibition. HAI, hours after imbibition. B Principal component analysis (PCA) of transcriptome data obtained from five stages samples during quinoa seed germination. C Numbers of up and down-regulated genes during transition of germination stages. D PCA of GC–MS profiling identified the metabolic changes within five stages transition during quinoa seed germination. E Numbers of differential metabolites during transition of germination stages. DP, differential peaks. NDP, non-differential peaks