Fig. 7

Functional identification of CsALS8 and CsALMT1 from tea plants. a, b Phylogenetic analysis of aluminum sensitive transporter (CsALS) (a) and aluminum-inducible malate transporter (CsALMT) (b) gene families in tea genome. c Heatmap analysis of expression of CsALS7 and CsALS8 homolog genes in tea seedling roots in response to Al stress. d qRT-PCR verification of CsALMT1 and CsALMT15 gene expression in tea roots in response to Al stress. e qRT-PCR verification of CsALS8 and CsALMT1 gene expression in tea roots in response to Al stress. f Growth test on the functions of CsALS8 and CsALMT1 in resistance to Al stress in yeast cells. g Growth curve of yeast strain YPH499 expressing empty vector pYESDEST52, CsALS8, or CsALMT1 in response to Al stress. h Al content in the medium of yeast strain YPH499 expressing empty vector pYESDEST52, CsALS8, or CsALMT1 in response to Al stress for 2 and 3 days. The heatmap was made with transcriptome data normalized as Log₁₀(1 + log (1 + FPKM)). MeV software was used to depict transcript levels. qRT-PCR and Al content data are presented as means ± SD from three independent experiments and statistical significance is based on Student’s t-test (*P < 0.05; ** P < 0.001) compared with controls