Fig. 5
From: Overexpression of sesame polyketide synthase A leads to abnormal pollen development in Arabidopsis
TEM observation of pollen walls from wild-type (WT) and SiPKSA-overexpressing plants at different anther developmental stages. A-D The ultrastructure of the pollen wall of WT and SiPKSA-overexpressing plants at anther developmental stages 9–10 and 11–12. E The thickness of the exine layer at stages 9–10 and 11–12. Ex, exine; In, intine. The scale bars are 1 μm. Three biological replicates were conducted, and the error bars indicate ± SD. The measurements were repeated ten times for each sample. Statistically significant differences were assessed using Student’s t-test (*p < 0.05 is considred a significantly different, **p < 0.01 is considred a highly significantly different)