Fig. 3

Ectopic expression of SiPKSA in Arabidopsis caused male sterility of transgenic plants. A RT-PCR analysis of SiPKSA in SiPKSA-overexpressing lines (OX-1, OX-3), wild-type (WT) and plants transformed with empty vector (EV). At-Actin7 (At5g09810) was used as an internal standard. B The phenotype of 8-week-old SiPKSA-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. The scale bar represents 2 cm. C Comparison of the length of the siliques of SiPKSA-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants (below), WT (middle), and EV (above) (D-E) Magnified image of SiPKSA-overexpressing plant (D), WT plant (E), and EV (F). The white arrow indicated the siliques of the plants. The scale bars represent 1 cm. (G-I) Detection of pollen vigor of WT (G), SiPKSA-overexpressing plants (H) and EVs (I) with 0.5% acetocarmine reagent. The red arrow shows the stained pollen. The pollen grains of WT and EV were dyed red, while the pollen grains of SiPKSA-overexpressing plant were not colored. J, K The phenotype of pollen grains of WT under SEM. L, M. The phenotype of pollen grains of SiPKSA-overexpressing plants under SEM. Scale bars represent 100 μm (G-I), 10 μm (J, L) and 2 μm (K, M)