Fig. 5

Mean seed number (± SE) per inflorescence (a, b) and seed set (± SE) per flower (c, d) of the differently-treated individuals of S. chamaejasme. Control: open pollination (i.e., pollinated by Lepidoptera and thrips); Bagging I: bagged with coarse-meshed bags (i.e., pollinated only by thrips); Bagging II: bagged with fine-meshed bags (i.e., almost not pollinated or by few slipped thrips). None: no pollinators. Statistical significance in (a) and (b) was tested by GLM with a negative binominal error structure (log link function), and that in (c) and (d) by GLM with a quasibinomial family (logit link function). Asterisks indicate significant difference between bagging I and either the control or bagging II (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001)