Lanthanum (La) improves growth, yield formation and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis in aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Table 4 Proline content, GABA content, PDH activity and BADH activity of aromatic rice under La application in the field in the third experiment

Year	Cultivar	Treatment	Proline (μg g⁻¹ FW)	GABA (μg g⁻¹ FW)	PDH activity (U L⁻¹ FW)	BADH activity (U L⁻¹ FW)
2018	Meixiangzhan-2
		CK	43.14 ± 1.37a	32.19 ± 1.52a	13.45 ± 0.67b	22.48 ± 0.35a
		La	34.12 ± 0.43b	25.63 ± 1.10b	17.58 ± 0.72a	18.54 ± 0.43b
	Xiangyaxiangzhan
		CK	40.59 ± 0.62a	35.73 ± 1.15a	13.46 ± 1.15b	21.01 ± 0.45a
		La	31.19 ± 0.53b	28.08 ± 1.71b	18.27 ± 1.07a	17.13 ± 0.84b
2019	Meixiangzhan-2
		CK	41.98 ± 0.84a	34.51 ± 0.23a	12.04 ± 0.91b	21.51 ± 0.39a
		La	33.21 ± 1.20b	24.12 ± 1.57b	18.89 ± 1.27a	17.39 ± 0.59b
	Xiangyaxiangzhan
		CK	43.31 ± 2.67a	39.16 ± 1.28a	13.23 ± 1.09b	20.99 ± 0.28a
		La	32.77 ± 1.71b	25.89 ± 2.54b	16.40 ± 0.32a	18.59 ± 0.25b

Values (means ± SEs) of each treatment were obtained from three independent replications (n = 3). Different letters indicate significant differences among the treatments (P < 0.05, least significant difference test)

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