Fig. 1

Development of androgenic embryos in isolated microspore culture of barley cvs. ‘Jersey’ and ‘Mercada’. a-d Tangential sections of androgenic embryos including: induction phase of embryo formation (a), a formed pro-embryo on 21dC (b), differentiating embryo on 35dC (c) and fully developed embryo on 43dC with formed body axis (d). e The overview of androgenic embryo development during isolated microspore culture. The culture is initiated from mid-to-late microspores (ML) that are pre-treated for two days in SMB1 medium, followed by a 3-week culture in KBP induction medium in the dark. Next, developed pro-embryos are transferred onto KBPD differentiation medium for two weeks for differentiation. On 35dC the differentiating embryos are transferred onto K4NB regeneration medium to form embryo body axis, first in the dark and since 40dC in light. dC –day of culture, M – meristematic zone, ML – mid-to-late microspore, P – parenchyma cells, Pt – pre-treatment, R - root apical meristem, S – shoot apical meristem, SC – scutellum. Scale bars: 20 μm in a; 100 μm in b-d