Fig. 3

Distribution of QTLs for yield-related traits detected in the RIL and IF2 populations and for heterosis. The red rectangles represent QTLs with negative effects (additive in the RIL population, dominant and additive in the IF2 population and dominance effects for mid-parent heterosis (MPH)), while the blue rectangles represent positive effects. The width of the rectangles indicates the confidence interval of QTLs. The heatmap of QTL density across ten chromosomes was indicated at the bottom of the figure and below the X-axis. EWPE, ear weight per ear; CWPE, cob weight per ear; EL, ear length; ED, ear diameter; CD, cob diameter; RN, row number; KNPR, kernel number per row; KWPE, kernel weight per ear; RKP, rate of kernel production