Physiological and metabolomics analyses of young and old leaves from wild and cultivated soybean seedlings under low-nitrogen conditions

Liu, Yuan; Li, Mingxia; Xu, Jingshu; Liu, Xueying; Wang, Shiyao; Shi, Lianxuan

doi:10.1186/s12870-019-2005-6

Table 3 Changes of LN stress on metabolite content in young leaves of two wild soybean varieties

From: Physiological and metabolomics analyses of young and old leaves from wild and cultivated soybean seedlings under low-nitrogen conditions

Metabolite name		Relative concentration				Fold changes Log₂^(LN/CK)
		C		W		Fold changes Log₂^(LN/CK)
		CK	LN	CK	LN	C	W
Aliphatic amino acid	Valine	25.53 ± 2.6	5.57 ± 1.11	0.62 ± 0.04	0.54 ± 0.05	−2.20^**	−0.19^**
	Isoleucine	15.35 ± 0.21	1.95 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.00	−2.98^**	−1.83^**
	Aspartic acid	14.25 ± 0.13	7.10 ± 0.05	5.30 ± 0.06	9.35 ± 0.01	−1.00	0.82^**
	Asparagine	48.53 ± 0.19	0.28 ± 0.10	2.58 ± 0.67	0.60 ± 0.76	−7.46^**	−2.09^**
	L − homoserine	0.73 ± 0.05	0.13 ± 0.07	0.22 ± 0.00	0.08 ± 0.00	−2.54^**	−1.56
	L − threonine	10.60 ± 0.20	1.17 ± 0.22	1.77 ± 0.03	1.82 ± 0.04	−2.79^**	0.04
	Serine	47.67 ± 0.04	8.46 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.13	0.16 ± 0.25	−2.49^**	−0.27
	L − proline	12.72 ± 0.67	3.47 ± 0.11	0.27 ± 0.00	0.21 ± 0.02	−1.87^**	−0.40^*
	Alanine	89.09 ± 0.15	40.72 ± 0.07	0.06 ± 0.04	0.07 ± 0.03	−1.13^**	0.35
	Glycine	17.12 ± 6.96	2.93 ± 7.54	28.26 ± 0.02	50.61 ± 0.04	−2.55^**	0.84^*
	Glutamate	0.09 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	−1.86^*	−0.31
Aromatic amino acid	Tyrosine	3.28 ± 0.11	0.47 ± 0.01	1.68 ± 0.30	1.11 ± 0.04	−2.80^**	−0.60^**
Aromatic amino acid	Phenylalanine	4.26 ± 1.44	1.72 ± 0.54	11.31 ± 0.07	10.73 ± 0.02	−1.30^**	−0.08
Non − protein nitrogen	GABA	5.35 ± 0.10	7.28 ± 0.21	0.52 ± 0.01	0.32 ± 0.03	0.44	−0.70^*
	Ethanolamine	61.53 ± 1.84	24.49 ± 0.50	55.44 ± 0.02	86.12 ± 0.04	−1.33^**	0.64^*
	Mannosamine	0.19 ± 0.31	0.13 ± 0.04	11.32 ± 0.00	7.19 ± 0.01	−0.57^*	−0.65
	Sphingosine	2.49 ± 0.14	2.07 ± 0.06	1.76 ± 0.30	2.34 ± 0.34	−0.27	0.41
Sugars and polyols	Sucrose	0.63 ± 0.08	2.08 ± 0.35	0.08 ± 0.07	0.07 ± 0.00	1.72^*	−0.10
	Maltose	1.83 ± 4.23	2.27 ± 0.41	0.33 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.02	0.31^**	−0.21
	Maltotriose	0.05 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.04	0.93 ± 0.02	0.96 ± 0.03	2.14^**	0.04
	Melezitose	0.05 ± 0.27	0.28 ± 0.02	28.10 ± 0.38	20.39 ± 0.02	2.54^**	−0.46
	Threitol	0.47 ± 0.02	0.35 ± 0.03	2.57 ± 0.20	1.72 ± 0.08	−0.44^**	−0.58
	Galactinol	0.13 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.00	0.71 ± 0.01	0.52 ± 0.02	−1.34^*	−0.47
	Glycerol	12.81 ± 0.07	7.79 ± 0.03	1.91 ± 0.28	1.56 ± 0.27	−0.72^*	−0.29
	Myo − inositol	55.75 ± 0.09	28.6 ± 0.09	0.31 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.03	−0.96^*	−0.48
	L − threose	0.42 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.00	54.13 ± 0.01	60.66 ± 0.16	−1.68^*	0.16
	Xylose	0.71 ± 0.01	0.91 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.01	0.35**	0.29
	Glucose−6 − phosphate	0.07 ± 0.00	0.20 ± 0.14	306.86 ± 0.34	216.33 ± 0.17	1.49**	−0.50*
	Fructose-6 − biphosphate	0.48 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.00	0.28 ± 0.01	−1.71*	1.84**
Organic acid	Glyceric acid	14.14 ± 1.77	6.57 ± 1.27	0.33 ± 0.55	0.43 ± 0.09	−1.11**	0.36
	Pyruvic acid	5.89 ± 1.52	2.33 ± 1.10	0.20 ± 0.55	0.13 ± 0.30	−1.34**	−0.64*
	succinic acid	8.49 ± 0.08	8.19 ± 0.41	0.25 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.02	−0.05	0.37*
	Fumaric acid	77.42 ± 0.09	111.54 ± 0.04	4.50 ± 0.25	2.40 ± 0.16	0.53	−0.91*
	L − malic acid	0.18 ± 0.32	0.07 ± 0.02	4.04 ± 0.18	3.17 ± 0.15	−1.36**	−0.35
	Hydroxypropionic acid	0.33 ± 0.29	0.27 ± 0.03	0.02 ± 1.15	0.02 ± 0.58	−0.25	−0.02
	Oxalic acid	0.37 ± 2.73	0.28 ± 0.00	0.97 ± 1.79	0.78 ± 0.03	−0.42*	−0.31
	Itaconic acid	4.36 ± 2.95	3.74 ± 0.00	2.90 ± 0.03	3.91 ± 1.79	−0.22	0.43
	Malonate	0.29 ± 9.64	0.08 ± 0.30	4.47 ± 0.08	5.48 ± 0.51	−1.79**	0.30
	Maleic acid	9.83 ± 0.15	11.31 ± 0.15	0.08 ± 0.03	0.18 ± 0.03	0.20	1.11*
	Gluconic acid	0.56 ± 0.39	0.23 ± 0.57	0.56 ± 0.07	0.78 ± 0.09	−1.31**	0.49**
	Nicotinic acid	2.45 ± 0.51	1.73 ± 0.11	4.95 ± 0.58	10.38 ± 0.40	−0.50	1.07**
	Threonic acid	2.40 ± 0.34	2.02 ± 0.19	2.23 ± 0.83	0.72 ± 0.00	−0.25	−1.63*
	Galactonic acid	1.92 ± 0.62	1.38 ± 0.63	0.83 ± 0.00	0.51 ± 0.10	−0.47*	−0.70**
	Glucoheptonic acid	0.78 ± 0.26	0.54 ± 0.02	16.23 ± 0.31	8.81 ± 0.41	−0.52	−0.88
Fatty acids	Butyrate	0.23 ± 0.05	0.12 ± 0.00	2.73 ± 0.01	1.60 ± 0.40	−0.93**	− 0.77
	Stearic acid	0.66 ± 0.15	0.29 ± 0.03	0.24 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.03	−1.21*	−1.18*
	Palmitic acid	3.60 ± 0.55	1.28 ± 0.20	42.32 ± 1.77	40.01 ± 1.53	−1.49*	−0.08
	Linolenic acid	2.55 ± 0.72	1.20 ± 0.17	0.17 ± 0.05	0.14 ± 0.02	−1.09**	−0.29
	Linoleic acid	0.14 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.03	4.13 ± 0.09	2.72 ± 0.13	−1.71**	−0.60**
Phenylpropanoids	Neohesperidin	0.37 ± 0.00	0.23 ± 0.00	11.03 ± 0.05	7.74 ± 0.21	−0.69*	− 0.51*
	Salicylic acid	3.97 ± 0.03	1.25 ± 0.13	0.13 ± 0.34	0.18 ± 0.13	−1.66**	0.52
	Prunin	0.24 ± 0.09	0.18 ± 0.04	8.47 ± 1.06	13.32 ± 0.36	−0.39	0.65**
	Ferulic acid	2.25 ± 0.03	1.09 ± 0.04	13.46 ± 0.03	36.23 ± 0.13	−1.04**	1.43**
	Caffeic acid	0.02 ± 0.24	0.01 ± 0.24	1.30 ± 0.00	0.36 ± 0.00	−0.55	−1.86*

Relative concentrations and standard deviation were increased by a factor of 100 times in each treatment. Values were presented as the mean ± standard error of four biological replicates. C Cultivar soybean, W Wild soybean, CK Control treatment, LN Low−N stress; * and ** indicate significant (P < 0.05) and highly significant (P < 0.01) differences, respectively

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