Fig. 6

Heterologous overexpression of BnPDFL enhanced Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis. a Surface sterile seeds plated onto half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0 μM and 50 μM CdCl2 and grown vertically for 1 week. OE-5 and OE-8 are independent lines transgenic for 35S:: BnPDFL -mRFP in wild-type Col-0 background. Scale bars, 1 cm. b Root elongation was determined in plants grown under conditions in A. c Four weeks old plants grown in hydroponics were exposed to 10 μM Cd for 3 days. Cd concertation in Arabidopsis shoots and roots. Data are mean ± SD, n = 15 in b, or 5 in c. Significant differences were determined by Student’s t-test (**P < 0.01)