Fig. 3

Phenotype of CdDHN4 transgenic plants under salt stress. Seed germination rate, fresh weight, primary root length (a) and phenotypes (b) of one-week-old plants under 0, 50, 75, 100 mM NaCl stress. Seed germination rate was measured after 3 days. Growth of IPTG induced E.coli cultures producing CdDHN4-L (DL), CdDHN4-S (DS) or pET-21a (K) with control or different stress treatment. E.coli Rosetta cells harboring CdDHN4-L, CdDHN4-S or empty vector pET-21a were grown as mentioned above, and diluted to OD₆₀₀ = 0.6. E.coli cells (600 μl) were inoculated in 10 mL LB medium and incubated at 30 °C. c For salt stress, the LB medium included five concentrations of NaCl (300, 400, and 500 mM). The bacterial suspension was obtained every hour for growth as described previously (Drira et al., 2015). d For temperature treatments, IPTG induced cultures (OD₆₀₀ = 0.6) were exposed to − 20 °C for 2 h or 50 °C for 45 min. A 10 μL of each sample diluted by 10-fold was spotted on LB plates, and incubated at 37 °C for 16 h