Fig. 1

Germination and plant hormone levels in N. incisum seeds under different treatments. a Seed germination; b germination percentage; c plant hormone levels. Con, control; FL: imbibition with fluridone liquid for 24 h; CS: cold stratification for 3 months; the same in the following figures and tables. Data represent the mean ± SE (n = 3); “*” indicates a significant difference in FL or CS compared to Con at P < 0.05