Somatic embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type virus-free plants

Table 1 Percentages of total embryogenic explants (E, %) and embryogenic explants obtained via direct embryogenesis (DE, %) after two (T2), three (T3), and four (T4) months of culture. Starting explants consist of 100 seeds distributed a rate of 10 seeds per Petri dish

Cultivar	T2		T3		T4
Cultivar	E	DE	E	DE	E	DE
Airen	18.50 j	0.50 h	31.50 fg	1.50 g	13.00 g	1.00 f
Cabernet Franc	51.26 bcde	51.09 abc	60.50 abc	59.91 a	64.66 a	64.65 a
Cabernet Sauvignon	28.99 hij	23.79 fg	51.15 cd	50.17 abc	46.26 b	44.06 b
Mencía	43.77 defg	40.09 cde	52.17 cd	48.71 abcd	28.73 def	28.71 cde
Merlot	38.10 ghi	35.30 e	54.71 bcd	50.44 abc	37.82 bcd	37.81 bc
Monastrell	42.00 efg	4.75 h	46.44 de	7.55 fg	42.85 bc	25.20 de
Petit Verdot	55.50 abc	49.00 bcd	64.00 ab	56.00 ab	71.00 a	70.50 a
Pinot Blanc	50.00 bcdef	50.00 abc	30.50 fg	30.50 e	22.00 fg	22.00 e
Pinot Gris	54.94 abcd	54.78 ab	45.24 de	45.17 bcd	25.71 ef	25.70 de
Pinot Meunier	60.50 ab	60.50 a	48.50 de	48.50 bcd	44.50 bc	44.50 b
Pinot Noir	39.00 fgh	39.00 de	39.00 ef	39.00 de	34.50 cde	34.00 bcd
Syrah	27.57 ij	16.88 g	26.29 g	15.70 f	26.76 def	19.39 e
Tempranillo	44.47 cdefg	28.77 ef	48.26 de	39.50 cde	48.90 b	44.21 b
Verdil	65.46 a	60.83 a	70.58 a	56.34 ab	49.71 b	42.34 b
ANOVA Cultivar Culture medium Interaction	* * NS	* NS NS	* NS NS	* NS NS	* NS NS	* NS NS

Different lower case letters within a column indicate significantly different values (P value < 0.05)
NS: P value >0.05
*: P value <0.05

ISSN: 1471-2229