Fig. 6

Treatment with trimers improves resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen P. carotovorum in Arabidopsis. Virulence assays were performed on in vitro-grown plants. Plants were pretreated by pipetting 2 μl of MQ water (0.025% Silwet), trimers (20 μM, 0.025% Silwet), or the long-OG mix (DP > 8, 20 μM, 0.025% Silwet). Subsequently, the treated plants were inoculated with P. carotovorum by flooding. Bacterial counts of P. carotovorum were performed 1 and 24 h post-infection (HPI). The difference between trimers or long-OG mix and mock treatment at 24 HPI was considered significant using Student’s t-test (P < 0.05) marked with an asterisk (1 asterisk = P < 0.05 and 2 asterisks = P < 0.01). The error bars in the diagrams indicate the standard error of the mean