Fig. 5
Gene expression response upon combined abiotic stresses in Touriga Nacional. Gene expression analysed by RT-qPCR for the five most up- and down-regulated genes when IS are combined: water:high light (a); water:heat (b); light:heat (c); water:high light:heat (d); field conditions (e). Colour-code for gene expression according to stress response: water deficit (blue); light stress (yellow); heat stress (red); the combination of water deficit, light and/or heat (dark green) and genes expressed in the field experiment (purple). Grey arrows represent significant statistical differences in gene expression between individual and combined treatments under controlled conditions or field experiment, p < 0.05. Log2 fold change was normalized to control conditions. Gene annotation as in Tables 1 and 2. r, correlation coefficient