Figure 1

A. brassicae -CWE, -EPM, -EPS and -Tox induce [Ca²⁺] _cyt elevation in A. thaliana seedlings expressing cytosolic aequorin. Roots of 18-day old pMAQ2 in Col-0 seedlings were dissected and incubated overnight in 7.5 μM coelenterazine. The roots were challenged with 50 μl of the CWE (A), EPM (B), EPS (C) or Tox (D) preparations. [Ca²⁺]_cyt level was calculated from the relative light unit (RLU) at 5 s integration time for 10 min. The arrow indicates the time (60 s) of addition of the stimuli/water. The inset shows the mean peak values ± SEs of [Ca²⁺]_cyt elevation in leaves and cotyledons (cotyl.) with the same dose of stimuli. Sterile water was used as control and gave background readings. All curves and values represent average of five independent experiments with eight replications in each experiment.