Figure 5From: Activation of violaxanthin cycle in darkness is a common response to different abiotic stresses: a case study in Pelvetia canaliculataDe-epoxidation index of V-cycle (close circles) and Fv/Fm variations (open triangles) during immersion into seawater in darkness. Each symbol represents the mean ± SE (n = 5). Letters above bars indicate significant differences for AZ/VAZ (A, B and C) and for Fv/Fm (a, b, c) among immersion times (P < 0.05).Back to article page