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Table 1 Published characteristics of the twenty-one hop cultivars used in this study. Ploidy levels were determined by flow-cytometry. D = diploid; T = triploid. Total oil content was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from water distilled steam oil extracts. nd = no data available

From: The hops (Humulus lupulus) genome contains a mid-sized terpene synthase family that shows wide functional and allelic diversity

Cultivar

Abbreviation

Origin

Ploidy level

α-acid (%)

β-acid (%)

Cohumulone (%)

Total oil

(mL 100 g−1)

Myrcene (% in oil)

Humulene (% in oil)

Caryophyllene (% in oil)

Farnesenea (% in oil)

Referenceb

‘Aquila’

Aqu

USA

D

6.7–8.9

4.1–4.9

46

1.45

62

2

5

2.2

1

‘Cascade’/Taiheke®

Cas

USA

D

4.5–8.9

3.6–7.5

33–40

0.8–1.5

45–60

8–16

4–6

4–8

1

‘Hallertauer Magnum’

Ham

Germany

D

12–14

4.5–5.5

24–25

19–2.3

30–35

34–40

8–12

0–1

1

‘Hersbrucker Spät’

Hes

Germany

D

2–5

4–6

19–25

0.5–1.3

10–25

15–35

7–15

0–1

1

‘Liberty’

Lib

USA

T

3–6

3.5

24–28

1.3

46

31

9–12

 < 1

1

Motueka™

Mot

NZ

T

6.5–8.5

5–5.5

29

0.8

47.7

3.6

2

12.2

1

Moutere™

Mou

NZ

T

17.5–19.5

8–10

26

1.7

22.2

15.2

5.8

0.3

2

Nelson Sauvin™

Nes

NZ

T

12–13

6–8

24

1.1

22.2

36.4

10.7

0.4

1

‘Nugget’

Nug

USA

D

9.5–14

4.2–5.8

22–30

1.5–3

48–59

12–22

7–10

0–1

1

‘Perle’

Per

Germany

D

8–9

8

28

0.6–1.2

44

29

10.2

0.2

1

‘Pride of Ringwood’

Por

Australia

D

7–11

4–8

33–39

1–2

25–53

2–8

5–10

< 1

1

Riwaka™

Riw

NZ

T

4.5–6.5

4–5

29–36

0.8

68

9

4

1

1

‘Talisman’

Tal

USA

D

5.7–6.7

2.8–3.6

53

0.72

68

4

5.9

0.2

1

‘Target’

Tar

UK

D

8–12.5

5–5.5

29–35

1.6–2.6

17–22

8–10

0–1

0–1

1

‘Tasmanian Gold’

Tag

Australia

D

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

‘Tettnanger A’

Tet

Germany

D

3–5.8

2.8–5.3

24

0.36–1.07

40.6

20.4

6.2

11.3

1

‘USDA21055’

Usd

USA

D

14.7

5.7

42–45

2

nd

nd

nd

nd

3

Wai-iti™

Wai

NZ

T

2.5–3.5

4.5–5.5

22–24

1.6

30

28

9

13

1

Wakatu™

Wak

NZ

T

6.5–8.5

8.5

28–30

1

36

17

8

6.7

1

‘Wye Challenger’

Wch

UK

D

6.5–9

3.2–4.5

20–25

1–1.7

30–42

25–32

8–10

1–3

2

‘Yugo 27P04’

Yug

Slovenia

D

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

  1. aThe isomeric composition of farnesene is not stated in the references used. It is reported as “percentage farnesene in oil”
  2. b 1: Healey J: The Hops List. 265 beer varieties from around the world., 1 edn. self-published; 2016; 2: http://www.nzhops.co.nz; 3: Hounold A, Likens ST, Nickerson GB, Horner CE, Zimmermann CE: Registration of USDA 21055 Hop Germplasm 1 (Reg. No. GP 5). Crop Science 1978, 18(5):919