Fig. 1

Volatiles produced by twenty-one hop cultivars grown in New Zealand. A Total volatile terpenes (%) were collected by SPME and analysed by GC–MS. Cultivar abbreviations are given in Table 1. The four cultivars studied in detail during cone development are separated on the right. B Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) of the volatiles measured by SPME. Complete volatile measurement data and a correlation matrix are given in Table S1A and B. Cultivar origin: Au – Australia (red); NZ—New Zealand (dark blue); USA—United States of America (light blue); Eu – Europe (green). *Au_A: Average of Tag and Por. 95% confidence regions are shown by the coloured spheres. The four cultivars studied in detail during cone development are arrowed. C Compounds driving the discrimination in the PLS-DA. Component 1 VIP scores for the top 15 compounds: HV-44: trans-β-ocimene, HV-88: (Z,E)-α-farnesene, HV-11:, α-pinene, HV-33: limonene, HV-93: γ-cadinene, HV-97: 2-tridecanone, HV-92: delta-cadinene, HV-29: α-terpinene, HV-96: cadinene isomer, HV-81: 4-decenoic acid, ethyl ester, (E)-, HV-41: ethyl 5-methylhexanoate, HV-99: geraniol, HV-38: cis-β-ocimene, HV-35: β-phellandrene, HV-74: linalool