Fig. 4

RNA-seq analysis of WT, AHL9-OE10 and AHL9-OE11 transgenic lines. A-C Diagram showing differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DEGs were classified according to their expression fold-changes (FC) in the pairwise genotypic comparison between AHL9-OE10 or AHL9-OE11 and WT leaves (q-value < 0.01, |log₂(fold change)|> 1). D Heatmap of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) in DEGs of AHL9-OE10, AHL9-OE11 and WT. The color bar indicates the normalized gene expression. E Expression levels of ten randomly chosen DEGs identified in the RNA-seq experiments. qRT-PCR was performed using cDNA from 30-d old leaves of AHL9-OE10, AHL9-OE11 and WT. qRT-PCR values are expressed as the mean ± SD compared to that of the internal control (UBQ10). The fold change of the qRT-PCR was determined by the efficiency method (2^−ΔΔCT). Error bars indicate SD. n = 3, t-test, **P < 0.01. Assays were done in triplicate