Fig. 1From: Defense response changes in roots of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings after internal symptoms of Ganoderma boninense Pat. infectionExamples of basal stem rot (BSR) symptoms observed in the field and nursery. a Basal stem rot disease infected oil palm from Ganoderma boninense, showing Ganoderma fruiting bodies (G-fb) growing at the basal stem. b The severe and late-stage symptoms of BSR disease infection caused the stem to die, and the tree to fall. c The field condition of oil palms with BSR infection. d Healthy root (hr), (e) a root tip (rt) penetrating rubber woodblock (rwb) used for inoculating oil palm seedlings with G. boninense. f Oil palm root infected with G. boninense. g The arrest of root tip growth in an infected root of a susceptible oil palm seedlingBack to article page