Fig. 1

Population structure determined by ADMIXTURE for 982 maize lines and 190 teosinte accessions. A All 1172 materials were unambiguously divided into maize and teosinte groups. B The 982 maize and 190 teosinte entries were further subdivided into two and three groups, respectively. C The enlarged distribution plot of membership probabilities of the 190 teosinte entries in each group. D The 96 mexicana and 75 parviglumis accessions were clustered into two and four clusters, respectively. In parviglumis, one Par_O race is inferred as a separate, mixed group, as it has equal membership probabilities in three groups. In mexicana, two Mex_N and one Mex_D races clustered with the Mex_C race. The corresponding race names are shared with those in C. In (A-D), each individual is represented by a vertical bar, and colored segments indicate the estimated membership probabilities for that individual in the corresponding clusters (Data S1). Trop, tropical maize; Temp, temperate maize; Mix, maize lines with membership probabilities in both groups of < 0.70; Nic, nicaraguensis; Lux, luxurians; Dip, diploperennis; Per, perennis; Hue, huehuetenangsis; Mex, mexicana; Par, parviglumis. The parviglumis races: Par_S, Southern Guerrero; Par_E, Eastern Balsas; Par_O, Oaxaca; Par_B, Central Balsas; Par_J, Jalisco. The mexicana races: Mex_P, Puebla; Mex_C, Central Plateau; Mex_D, Durango; Mex_H, Chalco; Mex_N, Nobogame