Fig. 8

Root growth phenotypes of the Hyp-GALT mutants under normal and stress conditions. A Seedlings of the Hyp-GALT mutants and WT grown vertically on ½ MS media at 8 DAG. Scale bar = 1.0 cm. B Root growth curves of the Hyp-GALT mutants grown on ½ MS media were measured from 3 to 8 DAG and compared to WT under normal conditions (n = 15) in three independent experiments. C Root-hair length and root-hair density of seedlings of the Hyp-GALT mutants and WT grown on ½ MS media at 10 DAG. Scale bar = 1.0 mm. D Salt-induced root anisotropic growth defects in the Hyp-GALT mutants. Light microscopic images of root tips of plant seedlings of indicated genotypes grown in ½ MS supplemented with 100 mM NaCl at 10 DAG. Seeds were germinated in ½ MS plates and grown for 3 d before transferring to MS plates with 100 mM NaCl. Scale bar = 1.0 mm. E Reduced inhibition of primary root growth of the Hyp-GALT mutants in the presence of β-Gal Yariv reagent. Root lengths were measured at 7 d and 14 d after transfer of seedlings from ½ MS plates at 4 DAG, onto ½ MS plates supplemented with 50 μM β-Gal Yariv reagent and quantified in (F). Statistical differences were determined by one way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey’s honestly significant difference test. Asterisks represent the statistical significance between genotypes (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001) within a treatment group in comparison to WT. Vertical bars represent mean ± SE of the experimental means from at least three independent experiments (n = 15 seedlings). DAG, days after germination