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Table 2 Comparison of the virus infection and VIGS process of three inoculation methods

From: A rapid, simple, and highly efficient method for VIGS and in vitro-inoculation of plant virus by INABS applied to crops that develop axillary buds and can survive from cuttings

Inoculation methods

Inoculation sites

Volume of agroinfiltration liquid that can enter plants (μl)

Time required to obtain VIGS plants (d)

Success rate of VIGS (%)

Time required to obtain symptomatic plants (d)

Inoculation success rate of TYLCV (%)

INABS

no-apical-bud stem section

100–200

10–12

60

8–10

72

Infiltration the dorsal leaf

back of tender leaf

10–50

30–50

30

23–45

40

Injection of the basal stem

base of stem (~ 2–3 cm from the soil surface)

20–30

35–60

36

30–45

48