Genome-wide association analysis uncovers the genetic architecture of tradeoff between flowering date and yield components in sesame

Table 1 Variance component estimates of the random effects for each trait

Trait	Variance component
Trait	σ²_G	σ²_Y	σ²_G × Y	\({\boldsymbol{\upsigma}}_{\boldsymbol{\upepsilon}}^{\mathbf{2}}\)	H²
FD	61.48***	0.39^n.s.	2.77***	8.84	0.97
HTFC	1069 ***	214.60***	71.49***	125.95	0.96
PH	441.81***	1174.8***	44.18***	289.12	0.89
RZ	356.97***	394.51***	31.97***	204.56	0.91
RI	0.02***	0.0003*	0.0009***	0.003	0.97
NBPP	4.04***	0.72**	0.64***	2.83	0.88
SYPP	28.36***	0.72^n.s.	10.21***	54.66	0.74
SNPP	1,723,700.70***	3,696,689.40*	854,375.30***	5,260,739	0.66
TSW	0.17***	0.02***	0.03***	0.05	0.88

σ²_G is the genetic variance, σ²_Y is the year variance, σ²_G × Y is the genotype-by-year variance, \({\upsigma}_{\upepsilon}^2\) is the error variance, and H² is the broad-sense heritability. Flowering date (FD), height to the first capsule (HTFC), plant height (PH), number of branches per plant (NBPP), reproductive index (RI), seed-yield per plant (SYPP), seed number per plant (SNPP), and thousand-seed weight (TSW). n.s., *, and *** indicate non-significant, significant differences at P ≤ 0.05, and P < 0.001, respectively, as determined by the likelihood ratio test

ISSN: 1471-2229