Table 2 The 1 C nuclear DNA amounts (the amount of DNA contained within un-replicated haploid chromosome set) of studied taxa

Casearia graveolens Dalz. ^a

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020010492 (CAF)

A (0.703, 0.682, 0.704)

0.696 ± 0.012

Dianyuea turbinata (H.J. Dong & H. Peng) C. Shang, S. Liao & Z.X. Zhang^b

Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China, July 2020, 1412 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200701-1]

A (4.400, 4.275)

B (4.408, 4.243)

C (4.369, 4.194)

4.315 ± 0.090

Homalium ceylanicum (Gardner) Benth.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: C17057 (CAF)

A (0.416, 0.420)

B (0.419, 0.410)

0.416 ± 0.005

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 00GN0039 (CAF)

A (0.398, 0.419, 0.396)

0.404 ± 0.013

Scolopia chinensis (Lour.) Clos^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020023293 (CAF)

A (0.310, 0.320, 0.315)

0.315 ± 0.005

Xylosma congesta (Lour.) Merr.^b

Cultivated in KIB (CAF)

A (0.422, 0.413)

0.418 ± 0.006

Xylosma longifolia Clos^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020090847 (CAF)

A (0.508, 0.537, 0.511)

B (0.547, 0.54, 0.542)

0.531 ± 0.017

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020030017 (CAF)

A (0.527, 0.538, 0.524)

0.530 ± 0.007

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020000109 (CAF)

A (0.537, 0.545, 0.535)

0.539 ± 0.005

Dovyalis caffra (Hook. f. & Harv.) Warb.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 1,520,080,001 (CAF)

A (0.585, 0.574)

B (0.569, 0.595, 0.571)

C (0.573, 0.592)

D (0.579, 0.602, 0.586)

0.583 ± 0.011

Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020081213 (CAF)

A (0.57, 0.583, 0.548)

B (0.573, 0.581, 0.555)

0.568 ± 0.014

Flacourtia inermis Roxb.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 3,720,040,116 (CAF)

A (0.456, 0.49, 0.454)

B (0.470, 0.492, 0.458)

0.470 ± 0.017

Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020023270 (CAF)

A (0.440, 0.442, 0.436)

B (0.438, 0.453, 0.437)

C (0.460, 0.448, 0.434)

D (0.436, 0.458, 0.433)

0.433 ± 0.009

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020000597 (CAF)

A (0.454, 0.449, 0.438)

B (0.440, 0.463, 0.438)

C (0.437, 0.445, 0.432)

D (0.455, 0.434, 0.436)

0.443 ± 0.01

Oncoba echinata Oliver.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0320130007 (CAF)

A (0.514, 0.512, 0.508)

B (0.512, 0.521, 0.499)

C (0.505, 0.500, 0.500)

0.508 ± 0.008

Bennettiodendron leprosipes (Clos) Merr.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020020036 (CAF)

A (3.298, 3.243, 3.277)

B (3.321, 3.296, 3.339)

3.296 ± 0.034

Idesia polycarpa Maxim.^b

Baoxing, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 1364 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200718-13]

A (1.221, 1.249)

B (1.142, 1.232)

1.211 ± 0.047

Wenxian, Gansu Province, China, July 2020, 765 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200725-4]

A (1.066, 1.210)

1.138 ± 0.102

Carrierea calycina Franch.^b

Baoxing County, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 1364 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200718-14]

A (0.662, 0.650)

B (0.658, 0.640)

0.653 ± 0.01

Poliothyrsis sinensis Oliv. ^b

Cultivated in KIB (CAF)

A (0.575, 0.559, 0.536)

B (0.559, 0.535)

C (0.558, 0.542)

D (0.558, 0.54)

E (0.559, 0.548)

0.552 ± 0.012

Itoa orientalis Hemsl.^b

Cultivated in XTBG, resource number: 0020140861 (CAF)

A (0.678, 0.689, 0.672)

B (0.668, 0.673, 0.669)

0.675 ± 0.008

Jingxi City, Guangxi Province, China, August 2020, 800 m, [CAF Jiang Rihong 20200828-1]

A (0.678, 0.677)

B (0.692, 0.702)

C (0.678, 0.686, 0.680)

0.685 ± 0.009

Populus adenopoda Maxim.^a

Wenxian County, Gansu Province, China, July 2020, 765 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200725-1]

A (0.471, 0.474)

B (0.461, 0.467)

C (0.467, 0.476)

0.469 ± 0.005

Populus cathayana Rehder^a

Diebu County, Gansu Province, China, July 2020, 2209 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200727-7]

A (0.493, 0.487)

0.49 ± 0.004

Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 1926 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200717-43]

A (0.491)

0.491

Kangding, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 3116 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200721-13]

A (0.500, 0.505)

0.503 ± 0.004

Meixian County, Shannxi Province, China, July 2020, 2182 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200725-1]

A (0.494, 0.500)

0.497 ± 0.004

Luding County, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 1512 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200720-1]

A (0.509, 0.505, 0.507)

0.507 ± 0.002

Populus ciliata Wall. ex Royle^a

Jilong County, Xizang Province, China, June 2020, 1841 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200610-10]

A (0.533, 0.534)

B (0.526, 0.534)

0.532 ± 0.004

Luozha County, Xizang Province, China, June 2020, 2844 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200619-22]

A (0.513, 0.516, 0.520)

0.516 ± 0.004

Populus davidiana Dode^a

Wenxian, Gansu Province, China, July 2020, 715 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200725-13]

A (0.461, 0.470)

B (0.470, 0.475)

C (0.455, 0.473)

0.467 ± 0.008

Populus euphratica Olivier

Zhongwei, Ningxia Province, China, July 2020, 1400 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai]

A (0.580, 0.568)

B (0.580, 0.584)

C (0.571, 0.581)

0.577 ± 0.006

Populus glauca Haines^a

Dingjie County, Xizang Province, China, June 2020, 2867 m, [CAF Zhu Xinxin 20200615-1]

A (0.504, 0.509)

B (0.504, 0.514)

C (0.511, 0.509)

0.509 ± 0.004

Populus haoana var. megaphylla C.Wang et Tung^a

Xianggelila County, Yunnan Province, China, July 2020, 2828 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200707-2]

A (0.526, 0.508, 0.515)

B (0.530, 0.521, 0.524)

0.521 ± 0.008

Populus kangdingensis C. Wang et Tung^a

Kangding, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 3501 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200721-2]

A (0.523, 0.518, 0.514)

B (0.493, 0.488, 0.496)

0.505 ± 0.015

Populus koreana Rehd.^a

Daqingshan, Heilongjiang Province, China, Sep. 2020, 302 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200913-13]

A (0.482, 0.484)

B (0.487, 0.492)

0.486 ± 0.004

Populus lasiocarpa Oliv.^a

Wenchuan county, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 1750 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200717-39]

A (0.515, 0.518)

B (0.515, 0.521)

0.517 ± 0.003

Populus qiongdaoensis T. Hong & P. Luo^a

Bawangling, Changjing county, Hainan Province, China, Mar. 2020, 1300 m, [CAF Shenjun 20200310-1]

A (0.470, 0.469)

B (0.479, 0.472)

0.473 ± 0.005

Populus rotundifolia Griff.^a

Ninglang County, Yunnan Province, China, July 2020, 3082 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200705-11]

A (0.486, 0.485)

0.486 ± 0.001

Populus simonii Carr.^a

Luding County, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 1815 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200720-16]

A (0.488)

B (0.486, 0.498)

0.491 ± 0.006

Populus suaveolens Fisch.^a

Baishan, Jilin Province, China, Sep. 2020, 868 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200909-20]

A (0.475, 0.481)

0.478 ± 0.004

Jingyu, Jilin Province, China, Sep. 2020, 586 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200909-4]

A (0.703, 0.706)

0.705 ± 0.002

Populus szechuanica Schneid.^a

Baoxing County, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 2568 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200718-35]

A (0.493, 0.497)

B (0.507, 0.504)

0.5 ± 0.006

Meixian County, Shannxi Province, China, July 2020, 2182 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200731-11]

A (0.487, 0.493)

0.49 ± 0.004

Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, July 2020, 2223 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200717-47]

A (0.494, 0.496, 0.501)

0.497 ± 0.004

Populus wilsonii Schneid.^a

Meixian, Shannxi Province, China, August 2020, 2491 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200801-1]

A (0.503, 0.507)

B (0.501, 0.525)

C (0.499, 0.510)

0.508 ± 0.009

Populus yatungensis (C. Wang et P. Y. Fu) C. Wang et Tung^a

Yadong County, Xizang Province, China, June 2020, 2844 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200616-1]

A (0.524, 0.531)

B (0.525, 0.524)

C (0.517, 0.521)

0.524 ± 0.005

Populus yuana C. Wang et Tung^a

Xianggelila County, Yunnan Province, China, July 2020, 2639 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200706-11]

A (0.512, 0.509, 0.519)

0.513 ± 0.005

Populus yunnanensis var. pedicellata C.Wang et Tung^a

Denqin County, Yunnan Province, China, July 2020, 2097 m, [CAF Zhang Zhongshuai 20200709-18]

A (0.514, 0.520)

B (0.504, 0.508)

C (0.526, 0.526)

D (0.513, 0.511, 0.516)

E (0.512, 0.512, 0.508)

F (0.52, 0.506, 0.517)

0.514 ± 0.007