Abnormal anther development leads to lower spikelet fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under high temperature during the panicle initiation stage

Table 2 Effects of high temperature treatment on anther characteristics at stage 10 in LYPJ and SY63

Cultivars	Treatment	Average area of tapetum cell	Number of vacuolated microspores	Number of stomium cells	Number of septum cells
Cultivars	Treatment	Average area of tapetum cell	Number of vacuolated microspores	Number of stomium cells	between bundle sheath and sub-stomial lacuna	between stomium and locule
		μm² cell⁻¹	No. locule⁻¹	No. locule⁻¹	No. locule^− 1	No. locule^− 1
LYPJ	CK	40.5 ± 1.7 ^b	7.2 ± 0.3 ^a	5.5 ± 0.3 ^a	2.8 ± 0.2 ^a	0.9 ± 0.1 ^a
LYPJ	HT	95.7 ± 4.1 ^a*	1.5 ± 0.0 ^b	4.8 ± 0.2 ^a	3.0 ± 0.0 ^a	1.1 ± 0.1 ^a
SY63	CK	44.4 ± 5.3 ^a	8.2 ± 0.2 ^a	5.5 ± 0.3 ^a	2.3 ± 0.2 ^a	0.5 ± 0.1 ^a
SY63	HT	48.5 ± 1.9 ^a	7.2 ± 0.3 ^a*	4.3 ± 0.3 ^a	2.5 ± 0.3 ^a	0.8 ± 0.0 ^a

CK control temperature, HT high temperature; Data are the average over three replicates ± standard error (n = 3). The different superscript lower-case letters indicate significance at P < 0.05 between the temperature treatments for the same cultivar. Asterisk indicates significance at between the two cultivars for same temperature treatment P < 0.05

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