Fig. 1

Parental material used in this study A Fruit of the Actinidia chinensis grandmother (CK) with peridermal exocarp; B Fruit of a female A. melanandra (ME) showing the sort of epidermal exocarp likely donated by the ME grandfather (actual grandfather was male and thus no fruit); C Example of fruit from one of the MECK F1 hybrids showing their epidermal exocarp. D Pedigree of populations used for this study. Boxes represent males and circles females. Scale bars in panels A/B/C indicate 20 mm