Fig. 5

Heterologous expression of rty in strawberry promoted ABA-induced stomatal closure and stimulated the production of trichomes on the abaxial leaf surface. a Stomatal closure of control and transgenic plants at noon based on a scanning electron microscopy analysis. Images were enlargements of the boxed regions in (a). b Trichomes on the abaxial side of leaf surface between the control strawberry plants and transgenic plants. c and d Percentage of stomata closed and total number per unit area given epidermal trichomes on the abaxial surface of leaves from the control and transgenic plants based on a scanning electron microscopy analysis. Data were presented as the mean ± SD (n = 15) (^*P < 0.05, Student’s t test). e ABA-induced stomatal closure. CK: not treated with stomatal opening solution (50 mmol L^− 1 KCl, 10 mmol L^− 1 CaCl₂, and 10 mmol L^− 1 MES (pH 6.15)); Mock: treated for 2 h with the same volume of ethanol as the control after treatment with stomatal opening solution for 2 h; ABA: treated for 2 h with 20 μM ABA after treatment with stomatal opening solution for 2 h. Data were presented as the mean ± SD (n = 60) (^**P < 0.01, Student’s t test)