Fig. 4

Subcellular localization of various poplar proteins. The various GFP-fused poplar proteins were driven by the Super promoter. The A. tumefaciens GV3101 suspension was infiltrated into the leaves of P. davidiana × bolleana plants under the optimal experimental parameters described above in the Results section. At 5 dpi, the infiltrated leaves were detached, and GFP fluorescent signals were observed under a Nikon inverted fluorescence microscope TE2000-E with excitation at 488 nm and emission at 510 nm. a PdbCBL1-GFP localized in the plasma membrane, consistent with FM4–64 staining. b PdbMTP1-GFP localized in the tonoplast, distinguished from the FM4–64-stained plasma membrane indicated by white arrows. c Colocalization of PdbC4H-GFP in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with ER marker HDEL-mCherry. d Colocalization of PdbGT47C-GFP in the Golgi with Golgi marker NAG-mCherry. e Localization of PtoMYB221-GFP within the nucleus, consistent with DAPI staining. f Localization of PdbPrxQ-GFP within plastids, consistent with chlorophyll autofluorescence. g Localization of GFP driven under the Super promoter in the cytoplasm and the nucleus