Fig. 6

Detection of gene loss in carrots during different evolutionary periods. “?” represents only one gene that may exist. a Gene phylogeny: If no gene loss occurred, a grape gene is anticipated to have four carrot orthologs, Dc11, Dc12, Dc21, and Dc22. Two carrot paleotetraploidization events were denoted by lightning bolts. b Rectangles show gene; ‘ × ’ shows gene loss; alternative situations of the carrot gene loss are divided into three categories: ① carrot genes loss before Dc-β; ② carrot genes loss between Dc-β and Dc-α; ③ carrot genes loss after Dc-α