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Fig. 4 | BMC Plant Biology

Fig. 4

From: Novel molecular components involved in callose-mediated Arabidopsis defense against Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7

Fig. 4

A functional SA signaling pathway is required to promote bacterial-triggered stomatal closure and apoplastic immunity. Arabidopsis mutants sid2–2, npr1–1 and fls2_SAIL have impaired stomatal and apoplastic defenses against Pst DC3118, E. coli O15:H17, and STm 14,028 s. a Stomatal aperture width was measured 2 h post inoculation with each bacterium at a concentration 1 × 108 CFU.mL− 1. Results are shown as the average of two independent biological replicates (n = 120 ± SE). b Bacterial population sizes evaluated one and three days after inoculation. Plants were vacuum-inoculated with each bacterium at a concentration of 1 × 106 CFU.mL− 1. Results are shown as the average of two independent biological replicates (n = 12 ± SE). Note that very small error bars are observed for bacterial growth of mainly human pathogen due to the high reproducibility of the assay. Statistical significance between means (mutant versus Col-0) was detected with two-tailed Student’s t-test (* = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** = p < 0.001; ns = non-significant). CFU = colony forming unit

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