Fig. 1

tppf1 mutant is more sensitive to drought stress than wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis thaliana. a Structure of AtTPPF gene (At4G12430). Schematic illustrates T-DNA (black triangle) location within promoter and first intron (black line) in AtTPPF to form tppf1 mutant. Arrows indicate positions of primers used in (b). b Homozygosity of T-DNA insertion in tppf1 as assessed by PCR analysis of TPPF genomic fragment using left primer (LP) and right primer (RP), and for tppf1 mutant using T-DNA insertion in conjunction with T-DNA-specific left border primer (LBb1.3) with RP. WT was Columbia-0. c AtTPPF transcript levels in WT and tppf1 plants as determined by RT-PCR analysis with forward and reverse primers (TPPF1F and TPPF1R, respectively). eIF-4A served as reference standard. d Plant water-stress responses of 3-week-old WT and tppf1 plants under long-day photoperiod (16-h light/8-h dark, 50% relative humidity). Six containers of each genotype (four plants per container) were evaluated in three independent experiments. Plants were exposed to drought stress by withholding water from d 0. Image shows results of one replicate from one experiment. e Plant survival rates at 4 d after re-watering. Plants were exposed to drought stress by withholding water from d 0, and remained unwatered until drought phenotype became visible. Plants were then re-watered and survival rate was determined. Six containers of each genotype (nine plants per container) were evaluated in five independent experiments. Error bars indicate SEs. Statistically significant differences were determined by Student’s t test (p < 0.05). f Water loss from detached leaves. Water losses from 0.5-g detached leaves from different plants were measured in triplicate at different times. Error bars indicate SEs. Statistically significant differences were determined by Student’s t test (p < 0.05)