Fig. 2

Performance of Pieris brassicae and Mamestra brassicae neonate larvae after 2, 4 and 6 days feeding upon previously cold-treated or untreated plants. Larvae were placed onto plants as neonates. Measured parameters (mean values ± SE) are caterpillar weight after 2, 4 and 6 days feeding, weight gain between day 2–4 and day 4–6, and consumed leaf area per plant (each with a group of 15 larvae) after 2 days feeding (from day 0 to day 2). Asterisks indicate significantly different values; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 as calculated by Student’s t-tests. N (P. brassicae): T = 14 plants, P + T = 14 plants; N (M. brassicae): T = 11 plants, P + T = 11 plants