Fig. 4

Transformation of rapid-cycling Brassica rapa. a An example of GFP-negative seedlings. Scale bar, 1 mm. b Two examples of GFP-positive T₁ seedlings. c Transformation efficiencies for the different treatments. Mean +/− SE for the data in Table 1. The means are not significantly different (ANOVA, p < 0.05). VI, vacuum infiltration; FD, floral dip