Fig. 6From: Costs of plant defense priming: exposure to volatile cues from a specialist herbivore increases short-term growth but reduces rhizome production in tall goldenrod (Solidago altissima)The effects of the insecticide esfenvalerate on S. altissima growth in a pest-free greenhouse. * indicates that the effect of the insecticide was significant within a particular week p < 0.05Back to article page