Table 5 Estimates of genetic variance (±SE) and broad-sense heritability (±SE), of measured traits of testcrosses involving early-maturing yellow S₁ families derived from four cycles of selection and tester TZEI 23, evaluated optimal environments at Ikenne, Mokwa and Bagauda, 2014

Grain yield (kg ha^− 1)

115,786 ± 56807^a

50,595 ± 54,256

70,055 ± 50,945

43,198 ± 38,297

0.44 ± 0.21^a

0.21 ± 0.23

0.30 ± 0.22

0.25 ± 0.22

Days to anthesis

0.07 ± 0.09

0.11 ± 0.08

0.21 ± 0.14

0.15 ± 0.08

0.17 ± 0.23

0.31 ± 0.22

0.34 ± 0.22

0.39 ± 0.22

Days to silking

0.03 ± 0.10

0.21 ± 0.12

0.27 ± 0.15

0.16 ± 0.09

0.06 ± 0.24

0.36 ± 0.22

0.40 ± 0.22

0.36 ± 0.22

Anthesis-silking interval (days)

^c

0.019 ± 0.05

0.015 ± 0.04

0.026 ± 0.04

^c

0.09 ± 0.24

0.09 ± 0.24

0.14 ± 0.23

Plant height (cm)

22.440 ± 7.7^a

0.019 ± 4.5

12.457 ± 5.2^a

3.977 ± 3.3

0.60 ± 0.21^a

0

0.50 ± 0.21^a

0.27 ± 0.22

Ear height (cm)

4.163 ± 2.9

3.361 ± 3.0

7.757 ± 3.3^a

5.951 ± 3.3

0.32 ± 0.22

0.25 ± 0.22

0.49 ± 0.21^a

0.39 ± 0.22

Root lodging (%)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Stalk lodging (%)

0.04 ± 0.1

^c

^c

0.01 ± 0.1

0.13 ± 0.23

^c

^c

0.03 ± 0.24

Husk cover^d

^c

0.003 ± 0.003

^c

^c

^c

0.19 ± 0.23

^c

^c

Plant aspect ^e

0.004 ± 0.003

0.009 ± 0.004^a

0.003 ± 0.003

0.005 ± 0.003

0.29 ± 0.22

0.44 ± 0.21^a

0.21 ± 0.23

0.37 ± 0.22

Ear aspect^f

0.0007 ± 0.007

0.0123 ± 0.011

0.0079 ± 0.010

0.0128 ± 0.009

0.02 ± 0.24

0.26 ± 0.22

0.19 ± 0.23

0.31 ± 0.22

Ear rot (%)

0.02 ± 0.08

0.02 ± 0.05

0.03 ± 0.07

0.01 ± 0.05

0.05 ± 0.24

0.07 ± 0.24

0.09 ± 0.24

0.06 ± 0.24

Ears per plant

0.0013 ± 0.001

^c

0.0010 ± 0.001

0.0001 ± 0.001

0.26 ± 0.22

^c

0.27 ± 0.22

0.06 ± 0.24