Fig. 6

Morphological analysis of pollen and seed defects in p5cs sesquimutants complemented by p₁₇₃₄₀:P5CS2 expression. a Percentages of aberrant pollen grains and b percentages of aberrant seeds in siliques from wildtype plants (Col-0), p5cs sesquimutants (p5cs) and heterozygous or homozygous complementation lines (p₁₇₃₄₀:P5CS2 het/hom). Bars represent the means ±SE of 16–22 samples per genotype in a and 9 siliques per genotype in b mixed from plants of two independent complementation lines. nd: not detected; In a *** indicate significant differences from p5cs, while in b *** indicate significant differences between p₁₇₃₄₀:P5CS2 het and p₁₇₃₄₀:P5CS2 hom (p < 0.001, by student’s T-test). Two further complementation lines produced similar results. c-f Bright-field microscopic pictures of pollen grains from wildtype c and p5cs sesquimutants with e-f or without d the p₁₇₃₄₀:P5CS construct in homozygous f or heterozygous state e. An inset at higher magnification is also shown for the p5cs sesquimutant and the heterozygous complementation line. Arrowheads indicate small and shriveled pollen grains. g-j Stereomicroscopic images of opened, premature siliques from wildtype g and p5cs sesquimutants with i-j or without h the p₁₇₃₄₀:P5CS construct. Aberrant seeds indicative of lethality of p5cs2–1 homozygous embryos are indicated by arrowheads