Table 3 Phenotypic differences between DP and SP
From: Precocious genotypes and homozygous tendency generated by self-pollination in walnut
Trait | DP | SP1 | SP2 | SP3 | SP4 | SP5 | SP6 | SP7 | SP8 | SP9 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tree | Age of tree (yr) | ≈70 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 36 | 33 | 36 | 33 | 36 |
Diameter at breast height (cm) | 53.5 | 10.1 | 13.8 | 11.2 | 14.2 | 19.4 | 24.3 | 22.4 | 17.8 | 9.3 | |
Juvenile period (yr) | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | Never flower | |
Stem color | Brown | Taupe | Taupe | Taupe | Taupe | Taupe | Taupe | Gray | Taupe | Brown | |
Type of dichogamy | Protandrous | Protandrous | Protandrous | Protandrous | Protogynous | Protandrous | Protogynous | Protandrous | Protandrous | Protandrous | |
Bud | Longitudinal section of mixed bud | Triangular | Triangular | Triangular | Triangular | Triangular | Triangular | Circular | Triangular | Triangular | Triangular |
Leaf | Number of leaflets | 7~13 | 5~9 | 5~9 | 5~9 | 5~9 | 7~13 | 7~11 | 7~13 | 7~11 | 9~13 |
Leaflet shape | Lanceolate | Elliptic | Elliptic | Elliptic | Oval | Elliptic | Oval | Lanceolate | Lanceolate | Elliptic | |
Terminal leaflet | Small | Large | Large | Large | Large | Degradation | Large | Degradation | Degradation | Medium | |
Rachis color | Green | Green | Green | Green | Green | Red | Red | Red | Red | Green | |
Nut | Shape in longitudinal section through suture | Oblate | Circular | Circular | Oblate | Ovate | Circular | Oblate | Oblate | Circular | – |
Shape of apical tip | Pointed | Bulge | Pointed | Emarginate | Bulge | Pointed | Bulge | Bulge | Pointed | – | |
Shape of apex perpendicular to suture | Truncate | Rounded | Rounded | Emarginate | Truncate | Rounded | Truncate | Truncate | Truncate | – | |
Shape of base perpendicular to suture | Rounded | Rounded | Rounded | Truncate | Rounded | Rounded | Truncate | Rounded | Rounded | – | |
Nut vertical diameter (mm) | 38.70 ± 0.99 | 35.09 ± 1.05 | 37.11 ± 1.24 | 32.29 ± 1.03 | 34.58 ± 0.88 | 28.21 ± 1.12 | 31.78 ± 1.21 | 31.79 ± 1.14 | 33.18 ± 1.44 | – | |
Nut transverse diameter (mm) | 38.11 ± 0.89 | 32.36 ± 1.43 | 35.40 ± 1.10 | 36.74 ± 1.05 | 29.52 ± 0.88 | 30.80 ± 1.16 | 37.26 ± 1.20 | 36.46 ± 1.19 | 31.81 ± 1.24 | – | |
Nut side diameter (mm) | 31.03 ± 0.66 | 27.48 ± 1.15 | 31.17 ± 1.01 | 28.71 ± 0.91 | 32.36 ± 0.83 | 26.79 ± 1.30 | 32.19 ± 1.21 | 28.84 ± 1.11 | 26.73 ± 1.21 | – | |
Dividing membranes traits | Paper-like | Membranous | Membranous | Leathery | Paper-like | Membranous | Membranous | Bony | Bony | – | |
Single nut weight (g) | 12.54 ± 0.69 | 9.08 ± 0.56 | 11.07 ± 0.75 | 10.85 ± 1.04 | 10.86 ± 1.68 | 8.11 ± 0.85 | 12.08 ± 1.06 | 18.32 ± 1.01 | 13.32 ± 0.86 | – | |
Shell thickness (mm) | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.02 | 1.17 ± 0.01 | 0.98 ± 0.02 | 1.87 ± 0.05 | 3.27 ± 0.22 | – | |
Kernel percentage (%) | 55.14 ± 0.99 | 53.40 ± 0.68 | 51.12 ± 0.86 | 48.23 ± 0.96 | 51.24 ± 0.40 | 50.57 ± 0.59 | 58.14 ± 0.85 | 19.10 ± 1.51 | 20.07 ± 2.19 | – | |