Fig. 1

Analysis of carbohydrate content, OTR, osmolality, conductivity, and pH value in the medium of a parsley cell suspension culture. Different parameters of a parsley cell suspension culture over time. a Oxygen transfer rate (OTR), fructose, glucose, sucrose, total sugar amount. b Osmolality, pH value, and conductivity. Cultivation conditions: 250 mL RAMOS shake flask, 50 mL modified Gamborg’s B5 medium, 180 rpm shaking frequency, 50 mm shaking diameter and 25 °C