Fig. 5

MdY3IP1 promotes auxin accumulation in lateral roots and lateral root primordia of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. a Total IAA content in the roots of 2-week-old control and MdY3IP1 transgenic Arabidopsis plants. b Transcripts levels of auxin influx carriers (AtAUX1), efflux carriers (AtPIN1, AtPIN2, and AtPIN3), and biosynthetic YUCCA genes (AtYUC1, AtYUC2 and AtYUC6), in control and MdY3IP1 transgenic Arabidopsis by qPCR assay. c Effect of the auxin transport inhibitor NPA on LR initiation in control and MdY3IP1 transgenic Arabidopsis plants. 5-day-old seedlings were transferred to MS medium supplemented with NPA (10 μM). After 10-days growth, the emerged LRs of 10 to 13 seedlings were counted. d Histochemical staining of GUS activity in LR primordia (top and middle panel) and LR (bottom panel) at three different stages. 10-day-old Arabidopsis plants expressing DR5:GUS in control (left) or MdY3IP1 transgenic plants (right) were used for GUS staining for 8 h. Bars = 100 μm. e Histochemical staining of GUS activity in primary roots. 10-day-old Arabidopsis plants expressing DR5:GUS in control (left) or MdY3IP1 transgenic plants (right) were used for GUS staining for 8 h. Bars = 100 μm. Note: In a, b, c, data are shown as the mean ± SE, based on more than nine replicates. Statistical significance was determined using Student’s t test. n.s., P > 0.01; *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001