Fig. 6

MAPK cascades were required for PvRxLR16-induced cell death in N. benthamiana. a PvRxLR16 was transiently expressed in N. benthamiana leaves silenced for indicated MAPK cascades genes. GFP and INF1 are control proteins. Typical symptoms were photographed after 5 d after agroinfiltration. b Quantification of cell death by measuring electrolyte leakage. Averages and standard errors were calculated from three independent experimental treatments (^**, P < 0.01, Dunnett’s test). c Transcript levels of indicated genes in silenced N. benthamiana measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Error bars represent standard errors from three biological replicates (^**, P < 0.01, Dunnett’s test)