Fig. 6

Effects of -overexpression of GaRPL18 and exogenous SA in defense response to V. dahliae in A. thaliana. a Disease symptoms induced with V. dahliae strain on the rosette leaves of WT, GaRPL18 overexpressed plants and exogenous SA-treated plants. 3-week-old seedings were inoculated with V. dahliae, and pretreated transgenic A. thaliana and wild-type seedlings rosette leaves with 1 mM SA for 24 h before inoculation with V. dahliae. Then, supplementing exogenous SA every day until four days. The control plants were sprayed with water. Photos were taken at 15 dpi. b 15-dpi stem sections were plated on PDA medium, incubating at 25 °C. Photographed at 7 day after plating. c The observation of A. thaliana rosette leaves. d Assessment of Disease Index (DI) at 10 dpi and 15 dpi. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates (n ≥ 30). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences when compared with control (Student’s t-test; *P <0.05; **P <0.001). e Quantification the biomass of V. dahliae by qRT-PCR using AtUBQ10 as an internal control gene on the rosette leaves of WT, GaRPL18 overexpressed plants and SA-treated plants at 10 dpi and 15dpi. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences, as determined by Student’s t-test (*P <0.05; **P <0.001). f Trypan blue staining was used to visualize cell death of the leaves of A. thaliana at 15 dpi